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Obesity:

' a condition in which a greater than normal amount of fat is in the body; more severe than overweight; having a body mass index of 30 or more.'

Obstetrician:

a doctor who treats pregnant women and delivers babies.

OGTT:

see oral glucose tolerance test.

Oncogenes:

Genes which can be activated to switch normal growth to cancerous growth.

Oncologist:

A cancer specialist.

Ophthalmologist:

a medical doctor who diagnoses and treats all eye diseases and eye disorders. Opthalmologists can also prescribe glasses and contact lenses.

Optician:

a health care professional who dispenses glasses and lenses. An optician also makes and fits contact lenses.

Optometrist:

a primary eye care provider who prescribes glasses and contact lenses. Optometrists can diagnose and treat certain eye conditions and diseases.

Oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT):

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a test to diagnose pre-diabetes and diabetes. The oral glucose tolerance test is given by a health care professional after an overnight fast. A blood sample is taken, and then the patient drinks a high-glucose beverage. Blood samples are taken at intervals for 2 to 3 hours. Test results are compared with a standard and show how the body uses glucose over time.

Oral hypoglycemic agents:

medicines taken by mouth by people with type 2 diabetes to keep blood glucose levels as close to normal as possible. Classes of oral hypoglycemic agents are alpha-glucosidase inhibitors, biguanides, D-phenylalanine derivatives, meglitinides, sulfonylureas, and thiazolidinediones.

Orinase:

see tolbutamide.

Overweight:

' an above-normal body weight; having a body mass index of 25 to 29.9.'

Oxalate:

A chemical that combines with calcium in urine to form the most common type of kidney stone (calcium oxalate stone).