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Nateglinide:

an oral medicine used to treat type 2 diabetes. It lowers blood glucose levels by helping the pancreas make more insulin right after meals. Belongs to the class of medicines called D-phenylalanine derivatives. (Brand name

Necrobiosis lipoidica  diabeticorum:

a skin condition usually on the lower part of the legs. Lesions can be small or extend over a large area. They are usually raised, yellow, and waxy in appearance and often have a purple border.

Neoplasm:

Abnormal growth which may be benign or cancerous

Neovascularization:

the growth of new, small blood vessels. In the retina, this may lead to loss of vision or blindness.

Nephrectomy:

Surgical removal of a kidney.

Nephrogenic diabetes insipidus:

Constant thirst and frequent urination because the kidney tubules cannot respond to antidiuretic hormone. The result is an increase in urine formation and excessive urine flow.

Nephrolithiasis:

See kidney stones.

Nephrologist:

A doctor who treats patients with kidney problems or hypertension.

Nephron:

A tiny part of the kidneys. Each kidney is made up of about 1 million nephrons, which are the working units of the kidneys, removing wastes and extra fluids from the blood.

Nephropathy:

Any disease of the kidney. Hyperglycemia and hypertension can damage the kidneys' glomeruli. When the kidneys are damaged, protein leaks out of the kidneys into the urine. Damaged kidneys can no longer remove waste and extra fluids from the bloodstream.

Nephrotic syndrome:

A collection of symptoms that indicate kidney damage. Symptoms include high levels of protein in the urine, lack of protein in the blood, and high blood cholesterol.

Nerve conduction studies:

' tests used to measure for nerve damage; one way to diagnose neuropathy.'

Nerve disease:

see neuropathy.

Neurologist:

a doctor who specializes in problems of the nervous system, such as neuropathy.

Neuropathy:

disease of the nervous system. The three major forms in people with diabetes are peripheral neuropathy, autonomic neuropathy, and mononeuropathy. The most common form is peripheral neuropathy, which affects mainly the legs and feet.

NIDDM:

see noninsulin-dependent diabetes mellitus.

NK cells:

' Natural killer cells; part of the immune-system'

Nocturnal intermittent peritoneal dialysis (NIPD):

A machine-aided form of peritoneal dialysis. NIPD differs from CCPD in that six or more exchanges take place during the night, and the NIPD patient does not perform an exchange during the day.

Non Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM):

former term for type 2 diabetes.

Noninvasive blood glucose monitoring:

measuring blood glucose without pricking the finger to obtain a blood sample.

NPH insulin:

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' an intermediate-acting insulin; NPH stands for neutral protamine Hagedorn. On average, NPH insulin starts to lower blood glucose within 1 to 2 hours after injection. It has its strongest effect 6 to 10 hours after injection but keeps working about 10 hours after injection. Also called N insulin.'

Nuclear scan:

A test of the structure, blood flow, and function of the kidneys. The doctor injects a mildly radioactive solution into an arm vein and uses x rays to monitor its progress through the kidneys.

Nutritionist:

' a person with training in nutrition may or may not have specialized training and qualifications. See dietitian.'