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Edema:

Swelling caused by too much fluid in the body.

Electrolytes:

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Chemicals in the body fluids that result from the breakdown of salts, including sodium, potassium, magnesium, and chloride. The kidneys control the amount of electrolytes in the body. When the kidneys fail, electrolytes get out of balance, causing potentially serious health problems. Dialysis can correct this problem.

electromyography (EMG):

a test used to detect nerve function. It measures the electrical activity generated by muscles.

EMG:

see electromyography.

Endemic:

Any disease common to a given area

Endocrine gland:

a group of specialized cells that release hormones into the blood. For example, the islets in the pancreas, which secrete insulin, are endocrine glands.

Endocrinologist:

a doctor who treats people who have endocrine gland problems such as diabetes.

Endometrial carcinoma:

Cancer of the inner lining of the uterus

End-stage renal disease (ESRD):

Total chronic kidney failure. When the kidneys fail, the body retains fluid and harmful wastes build up. A person with ESRD needs treatment to replace the work of the failed kidneys.

ESRD:

See end-stage renal disease.

Enzyme:

protein made by the body that brings about a chemical reaction, for example, the enzymes produced by the gut to aid digestion.

Epidermoid carcinoma:

Cancer on the surface of an organ. Cells resemble skin cells.

Erectile dysfunction:

see impotence.

Erythropoietin:

A hormone made by the kidneys to help form red blood cells. Lack of this hormone may lead to anemia.

Estrogen:

Female hormone, Estrogen replacement therapy may cause a certain percentage of breast cancer.

Estrogen-receptor assay:

This test indicates if a breast cancer is triggered by estrogen.

ESWL:

See extracorporeal shockwave lithotripsy.

Euglycemia:

a normal level of glucose in the blood.

Exchange:

A cycle in peritoneal dialysis in which the patient fills the abdominal cavity with dialysis solution, carries it for a specified dwell time, and then empties it from the abdomen in preparation for a fresh bag of dialysis solution.

Exchange lists:

one of several approaches for diabetes meal planning. Foods are categorized into three groups based on their nutritional content. Lists provide the serving sizes for carbohydrates, meat and meat alternatives, and fats. These lists allow for substitution for different groups to keep the nutritional content fixed.

Extracorporeal shockwave lithotripsy (ESWL):

A nonsurgical procedure using shock waves to break up kidney stones