Dietary Reference Intakes:
Tolerable Upper Intake Levels (ULa) for Certain Nutrients and Food
Components
|
Life-Stage
Group |
Calcium
(g/day) |
Phosphorus
(g/day) |
Magnesium
(mg/day)b |
Vitamin
D (mg/day) |
Fluoride
(mg/day) |
Niacin
(mg/day)c |
Vitamin
B6 (mg/day) |
Folate
(mg/day)c |
Choline
(g/day) |
|
0–6
months |
NDc |
ND |
ND |
25 |
0.7 |
ND |
ND |
ND |
ND |
|
7–12
months |
ND |
ND |
ND |
25 |
0.9 |
ND |
ND |
ND |
ND |
|
1–3
years |
2.5 |
3 |
65 |
50 |
1.3 |
10 |
30 |
300 |
1.0 |
|
4–8
years |
2.5 |
3 |
110 |
50 |
2.2 |
15 |
40 |
400 |
1.0 |
|
9–13
years |
2.5 |
4 |
350 |
50 |
10 |
20 |
60 |
600 |
2.0 |
|
14–18
years |
2.5 |
4 |
350 |
50 |
10 |
30 |
80 |
800 |
3.0 |
|
19–70
years |
2.5 |
4 |
350 |
50 |
10 |
35 |
100 |
1,000 |
3.5 |
|
> 70
years |
2.5 |
3 |
350 |
50 |
10 |
35 |
100 |
1,000 |
3.5 |
|
Pregnancy |
|
|
£ 18
years |
2.5 |
3.5 |
350 |
50 |
10 |
30 |
80 |
800 |
3.0 |
|
19–50
years |
2.5 |
3.5 |
350 |
50 |
10 |
35 |
100 |
1,000 |
3.5 |
|
Lactation |
|
|
£ 18
years |
2.5 |
4 |
350 |
50 |
10 |
30 |
80 |
800 |
3.0 |
|
19–50
years |
2.5 |
4 |
350 |
50 |
10 |
35 |
100 |
1,000 |
3.5 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
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aUL = The maximum level of daily
nutrient intake that is likely to pose no risk of adverse effects. Unless
otherwise specified, the UL represents total intake from food, water, and
supplements. Due to lack of suitable data, ULs could not be established for
thiamine, riboflavin, vitamin B12, pantothenic acid, and biotin. In
the absence of ULs, extra caution may be warranted in consuming levels above
recommended intakes.
bThe UL for magnesium represents intake from
a pharmacological agent only and does not include intake from food and water.
cThe ULs for niacin and folate apply to synthetic forms obtained
from supplements, fortified foods, or a combination of the two.
dND: Not determinable due to lack of data of adverse effects in
this age group and concern with regard to lack of ability to handle excess
amounts. Source of intake should be from food only to prevent high levels of
intake.