Dietary Reference Intakes: Tolerable Upper Intake Levels (UL^a) for Certain Nutrients and Food Components

Life-Stage Group	Calcium (g/day)		Phosphorus (g/day)	Magnesium (mg/day)b	Vitamin D (mg/day)		Fluoride (mg/day)		Niacin (mg/day)c		Vitamin B6 (mg/day)	Folate (mg/day)c	Choline (g/day)
0–6 months	NDc		ND	ND	25		0.7		ND		ND	ND	ND
7–12 months	ND		ND	ND	25		0.9		ND		ND	ND	ND
1–3 years	2.5		3	65	50		1.3		10		30	300	1.0
4–8 years	2.5		3	110	50		2.2		15		40	400	1.0
9–13 years	2.5		4	350	50		10		20		60	600	2.0
14–18 years	2.5		4	350	50		10		30		80	800	3.0
19–70 years	2.5		4	350	50		10		35		100	1,000	3.5
> 70 years	2.5		3	350	50		10		35		100	1,000	3.5
Pregnancy
£ 18 years	2.5	3.5		350	50		10		30		80	800	3.0
19–50 years	2.5	3.5		350	50		10		35		100	1,000	3.5
Lactation
£ 18 years	2.5	4		350		50		10		30	80	800	3.0
19–50 years	2.5	4		350		50		10		35	100	1,000	3.5

^aUL = The maximum level of daily nutrient intake that is likely to pose no risk of adverse effects. Unless otherwise specified, the UL represents total intake from food, water, and supplements. Due to lack of suitable data, ULs could not be established for thiamine, riboflavin, vitamin B₁₂, pantothenic acid, and biotin. In the absence of ULs, extra caution may be warranted in consuming levels above recommended intakes.
^bThe UL for magnesium represents intake from a pharmacological agent only and does not include intake from food and water.
^cThe ULs for niacin and folate apply to synthetic forms obtained from supplements, fortified foods, or a combination of the two.
^dND: Not determinable due to lack of data of adverse effects in this age group and concern with regard to lack of ability to handle excess amounts. Source of intake should be from food only to prevent high levels of intake.