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Department of Pediatric -- Encyclopedia
MEDICAL
Search Results
BACTERIOLOGICAL SPECIMEN
Refers to any body fluid, secretion, or tissue sent to the laboratory where smears and cultures for bacteria will be performed. The specimen may consist of blood, sputum, urine, spinal fluid, material obtained at biopsy, etc.
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BACTERIOPHAGES
Viruses that infect bacteria.
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BACTERIOSTATIC
Capable of inhibiting reproduction of bacteria.
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BACTERIUM
A microscopic organism composed of a single cell. Many bacteria can cause disease in humans.
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BACTERIURIA
Bacteria in the urine; large amounts can indicate bladder, urethra, or kidney infection
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BACTRIM
Brand name of trimethoprim-sulphamethoxazole
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BACULOVIRUS
A virus of insects used in the production of some HIV vaccines. See also Vaccine.
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BAL
See “Bronchoscopy.”
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BALANITIS
Balanitis is the inflammation of the glans penis.
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BALANTIDIASIS
Infection by protozoan parasites of the genus Balantidium. B. coli may cause diarrhea and dysentery in man, with ulceration of the colon mucosa. Usual course - acute. Endemic areas - tropical areas.
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BALKAN NEPHRITIS SYNDROME
A chronic progressive nephritis seen in a large percentage of the population living in the endemic areas of Yugoslavia, Romania, Bulgaria.
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BALL-AND-SOCKET JOINT
A joint consisting of a ball-shaped bone that fits into a cup-shaped bone, making the joint free to rotate; examples include the hip and shoulder
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BALLOON ANGIOPLASTY
A technique that uses a balloon catheter toarteries clogged with fatty deposits
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BALLOON CATHETER
A hollow tube with a small, inflatable balloon at the tip; used toa narrowed artery or organ that has become blocked
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BARBITURATE(BAR-BICH-U-RIT)
A drug used to treat insomnia, seizures, and convulsions, and to relieve anxiety and tension before surgery. It belongs to the family of drugs called central nervous system (CNS) depressants.
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BARBITURATES
A group of sedatives that reduce activity in the brain; are habit-forming and are possibly fatal when taken with alcohol
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BARIUM ENEMA
A procedure in which a liquid with barium in it is put into the rectum and colon by way of the anus. Barium is a silver-white metallic compound that helps to show the image of the lower gastrointestinal tract on an x-ray.
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BARIUM SOLUTION
A liquid containing barium sulfate that is used in x-rays to highlight parts of the digestive system.
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BARIUM SWALLOW
A series of x-rays of the esophagus. The x-ray pictures are taken after the person drinks a solution that contains barium. The barium coats and outlines the esophagus on the x-ray. Also called an esophagram.
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BAROTITIS MEDIA
Acute or chronic traumatic inflammation of the middle ear space secondary to the rapid development of a negative (or less commonly a positive) pressure differential between the surrounding atmosphere of the external canal and the middle ear compartments (tympanic cavity, eustachian tube, and mastoid air cells)This situation is brought about by the inability of the eustachian tube to adequately equilibrate the middle ear air pressure with the moment-to-moment changes in the environmental atmospheric pressures while descending or ascending in air (flight) and/or especially in water (diving). This causes the retraction or protraction of the tympanic membrane with subsequent inflammation and/or rupture. This also may cause asymmetric pressure stimulation of the inner ear and vestibular end-organ.
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BARRETT'S ESOPHAGUS
A condition in which the cells lining the lower part of the esophagus have changed or been replaced with abnormal cells that could lead to cancer of the esophagus. The backing up of stomach contents (reflux) may irritate the esophagus and, over time, cause Barrett's esophagus.
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BARRIER METHOD OF CONTRACEPTION
A birth-control technique using a condom, diaphragm, or another similar device to block the path of sperm to an egg
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BARTHOLIN'S ABSCESS
Bartholin's abscess involves an accumulation of pus that forms a lump (swelling) in one of the mucus-producing Bartholin's glands, which are located on each side of the vaginalng at the innermost part of the labia. This swelling is hot to the touch, sensitive, and painful.
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BARTHOLIN'S GLANDS
Two pea-sized glands that, when sexually aroused, release a fluid that lubricates the vagina
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BARTONELLA INFECTIONS
Bartonella infections cause manifestations in two broad categories:Localized skin lesions and prominent regional lymphadenitis, i.e., typical cat scratch disease (CSD). Atypical CSD manifestations often represent disseminated infection.;Primary bacteremia, potential for persistent disseminated infection with localized inflammatory (and neovascular) lesions in a variety of organ systems and/or ongoing bacteremia.
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BARTTER'S SYNDROME
Hypertrophy and hyperplasia of the juxtaglomerular cells producing hypokalemic alkalosis and hyperaldosteronism. Characteristics - absence of hypertension in the presence of markedly increased plasma renin concentrations and insensitivity to the pressor effects of angiotensin. Usually affects children, is perhaps hereditary, and may be associated with other congenital anomalies, such as short stature and mental retardation.
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BASAL CELL CARCINOMA
Slow growing skin cancer.
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BASAL CELL CARCINOMA(BAY-SAL SEL KAR-SIN-O-MA)
A type of skin cancer that arises from the basal cells, small round cells found in the lower part (or base) of the epidermis, the outer layer of the skin.
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BASAL CELL NEVUS SYNDROME
An inherited condition that causes unusual facial features and disorders of the skin, bone, nervous system, eyes, and endocrine glands. People with this syndrome have an increased chance of developing basal cell carcinoma. Also called Gorlin syndrome.
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BASAL CELL(BAY-SAL)
A small, round cell found in the lower part (or base) of the epidermis, the outer layer of the skin.
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